MCQ on Role of Microbes in the Nitrogen Cycle




MCQ on Microbes in Nitrogen Cycle: In the nitrogen cycle, essential for ecosystem health, microbes such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, and denitrifying bacteria play pivotal roles. Nitrogen-fixers convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia, while others convert ammonia into nitrates and nitrites, shaping nutrient availability in ecosystems.

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1. 
Nitrogen fixation is a crucial step in the nitrogen cycle, where atmospheric nitrogen (N2) is converted into ammonia (NH3). Which group of microbes is primarily responsible for nitrogen fixation?

2. 
Which enzyme is essential for nitrogen-fixing bacteria to convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3)?

3. 
Nitrification is the process by which ammonia (NH3) is converted into nitrate (NO3-) through two separate steps. Which groups of microbes are involved in nitrification?

4. 
Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) are essential in the nitrification process. Which of these groups is considered to be more abundant in most environments?

5. 
Denitrification is a critical step in the nitrogen cycle, where nitrate (NO3-) is converted back into atmospheric nitrogen (N2). Which group of microbes is responsible for denitrification?

6. 
Which enzyme is involved in the denitrification process, converting nitrate (NO3-) to nitrogen gas (N2) or nitrous oxide (N2O)?

7. 
Anammox (Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation) is a unique process where ammonia (NH3) and nitrite (NO2-) are converted directly into nitrogen gas (N2) without the production of nitrate (NO3-). Which group of microbes is responsible for anammox?

8. 
The process of ammonification involves the conversion of organic nitrogen compounds into ammonia (NH3). Which group of microbes is primarily responsible for ammonification?

9. 
Nitrogen cycle involves various steps and processes, and the balance of nitrogen species is essential for ecosystems. Which microbial process is responsible for stabilizing nitrogen in organic matter?

10. 
Rhizobia is a group of bacteria known for their ability to form symbiotic relationships with leguminous plants and fix atmospheric nitrogen. What is the specific structure formed in this symbiosis?

11. 
Some cyanobacteria have the ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, and they are commonly found in aquatic environments. What is the specific structure where nitrogen fixation occurs in these cyanobacteria?

12. 
In the nitrogen cycle, what role do plants and algae play in the uptake of nitrogen?

13. 
Which type of bacteria are commonly used in agriculture to enhance soil fertility through nitrogen fixation in root nodules?

14. 
The nitrogen cycle is essential for the proper functioning of ecosystems and is critical for life on Earth. Which form of nitrogen is directly usable by plants for growth and development?

15. 
The overall nitrogen cycle is a complex interplay of various microbial processes. One of the end products of denitrification is nitrous oxide (N2O), which is a potent greenhouse gas. What role do denitrifying bacteria play in the release of N2O into the atmosphere?

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