Vaccines are one of the most significant medical breakthroughs in the history of public health. They have saved countless lives, prevented the spread of devastating diseases, and played a pivotal role in improving the quality of life for individuals and communities. In this essay (Notes on Vaccines), we will explore […]
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mRNA Vaccine: Principle and Application
The development of mRNA vaccines against infectious diseases is a significant milestone in the history of medicine. These vaccines have global attention for their extraordinary speed in addressing the COVID-19 pandemic. This article explores the groundbreaking science behind mRNA vaccines, their development, mechanisms of action, advantages, challenges, and the potential […]
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Difference between IgG and IgM Antibodies
IgG (Immunoglobulin G) and IgM (Immunoglobulin M) are types of antibodies produced by the immune system. IgG is the most abundant antibody, providing long-term immunity against pathogens, while IgM is the first antibody produced in response to an infection, providing initial defines. Both play crucial roles in the body’s immune […]
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Difference between Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies
Monoclonal Antibodies Monoclonal antibody (mAb) is an antibody produced from a cell lineage made by cloning a unique white blood cell. They are identical immune proteins (antibodies) created in the lab to target specific antigens. Monoclonal antibodies are produced by fusing a single type of antibody-producing cell with a cancerous […]
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Application of Monoclonal Antibodies in Research and Medicine
What are Monoclonal Antibodies? Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are a class of antibodies that are derived from a single, cloned immune cell. Unlike polyclonal antibodies (derived from a mixture of different immune cells), mAbs originate from a single B-cell clone, ensuring uniformity in their specificity and action. This unique attribute renders […]
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