evolution of gymnosperms

Affinities of Gymnosperms with Pteridophytes and Angiosperms

Learning objectives: Evolutionary relationships and affinities of Gymnosperms with Pteridophytes and Angiosperms; Similarities and Differences between Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms; Similarities and Differences between Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. Affinities of Gymnosperms Ø  Gymnosperms are considered as a bridge between Pteridophytes and Angiosperms. Ø  They share many features with Pteridophytes and Angiosperms. Similarities […]

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Dehydration and Clearing in Histopathology

In histology and histopathology, dehydration is a crucial step in the preparation of tissue specimens for microscopic examination. Dehydration is the process of removing water from the tissue by using a series of graded alcohols before embedding it in a medium that can be sliced thinly for microscopic examination. The […]

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