What is Proton Hopping

Proton Hopping in Water (Grotthuss Mechanism)

Proton Hopping in water is the process of diffusion of protons (H⁺ ions) through the network of hydrogen-bonded water molecules in the liquid water. Proton hopping is also called as Grotthuss mechanism, named after the discoverer Theodor Grotthuss. The net result of proton hopping is the fast movement of H⁺ […]

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Henderson Hasselbalch Equation

pH and pKa – Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation Deriving

Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is a simple expression which relates the pH, pKa and the buffer action of a weak acid and its conjugate base. The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation also describes the characteristic shape of the titration curve of any weak acid such as acetic acid, phosphoric acid, or any amino acid. The […]

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