Dicot Stem Vs Monocot Stem
Anatomical Similarities and Different Between Dicot Stem and Monocot Stem
(I). Similarities between dicot stem and monocot stem:
Ø Epidermis is usually single layered in both dicots and monocots
Ø Thick layer of cuticle present in both groups
Ø Hypodermis is present in both the group (cell type varies)
Ø Photosynthetic chlorenchymatous zone is present in the cortex of both dicots and monocots
Ø Major portions of ground tissue is parenchymatous
Ø Xylem and phloem are organized as vascular bundles in dicots and monocots
Ø Vascular bundles are conjoint and collateral in both the groups
Ø In monocots and dicots xylem and phloem composed of both proto- (protoxylem and protophloem) and meta- elements (metaxylem and metaphloem)
(II). Difference between Dicot Stem and Monocot Stem
| Sl. No. | Dicot Stem | Monocot Stem |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Multicellular epidermal hairs usually present over the epidermis | Epidermal hairs are absent |
| 2 | No silica deposition over the epidermis | Usually silica deposition occurs over the epidermis |
| 3 | Hypodermis collenchymatous | Hypodermis sclerenchymatous |
| 4 | Ground tissue is differentiated into stelar and extra-stelar tissues | Ground tissue not differentiated into stelar and extra-stelar tissues |
| 5 | Endodermis present | Endodermis absent |
| 6 | Vascular bundles are limited in numbers, usually 4 to 8 | Vascular bundles numerous |
| 7 | Vascular bundles are arranged in the form of one or two broken ring(s) | Vascular bundles are arranged scattered in the ground tissue |
| 8 | Vascular bundles are conjoint, collateral and open | Vascular bundles conjoint, collateral and closed |
| 9 | Many protoxylem and metaxylem elements present in each vascular bundle | Only two metaxylem elements in each vascular bundles |
| 10 | Xylem elements are polygonal | Xylem elements are circular |
| 11 | Protoxylem lacuna absent | Protoxylum lacuna present |
| 12 | Vascular bundles with sclerenchymatous bundle cap | Bundle cap absent |
| 13 | Bundle sheath absent around the vascular bundles | Vascular bundles are surrounded by sclerenchymatous bundle sheath |
| 14 | Pericycle present | Pericycle absent |
| 15 | Phloem parenchyma and phloem fibres present | Phloem parenchyma and phloem fibres absent |
| 16 | Pith usually present | Pith usually absent |
| 17 | Medullary rays present | Medullary rays absent |
| 18 | Undergo secondary thickening | No secondary thickening |
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